Zirah: A Post-Quantum True Random Number Generator Hardware Signer With an Avalanche Noise

Zirah is a hardware signer built around an STM32F407 microcontroller, and its purpose is to find out, on inexpensive hardware, where a post-quantum signing key is exposed and what actually protects it. The device draws every random bit from a reverse-biased 2N3904 junction in avalanche breakdown, amplified by an LM358 and screened by SP 800-90B health tests, computes ML-DSA-65 (FIPS 204, hedged) on the STM32 with two-share arithmetic masking of the secret-key multiplications, and adds ECDSA P-2…

Source: arXiv cs.AR (Hardware Architecture), published 2026-11-06. The summary is the Hub's own; the full story is at the source. Report a rights or accuracy concern